Simulated CO2 level, starting at 421.08 ppmv in 2023, and zero emissions, based on linear relation between CO2 level and removal rate (fossil only), per: https://sealevel.info/Global_Carbon_Budget_2023v1.1_with_removal_rate.xlsx and https://sealevel.info/Global_Carbon_Budget_2023v1.1_with_removal_rate_plot2.png Equilibrium CO2 level is 285.00, half-way down to that is 353.04 ppmv. Half-life is 37.84 years, e-folding lifetime (adjustment time) is 54.59 years. YEAR CO2 2023 421.1 2024 418.6 2025 416.1 2026 413.7 2027 411.4 2028 409.1 2029 406.8 2030 404.6 2031 402.4 2032 400.2 2033 398.1 2034 396.0 2035 394.0 2036 392.0 2037 390.0 2038 388.1 2039 386.2 2040 384.4 2041 382.6 2042 380.8 2043 379.0 2044 377.3 2045 375.6 2046 373.9 2047 372.3 2048 370.7 2049 369.1 2050 367.6 2051 366.1 2052 364.6 2053 363.1 2054 361.7 2055 360.3 2056 358.9 2057 357.6 2058 356.2 2059 354.9 2060 353.7 ** date 2060.8: One half-life (37.8 years) reached ** 2061 352.4 ** 353.0 ppmv: half of the 136.1 ppmv CO2 above equilibrium is gone ** 2062 351.2 2063 350.0 2064 348.8 2065 347.6 2066 346.4 2067 345.3 2068 344.2 2069 343.1 2070 342.1 2071 341.0 2072 340.0 2073 339.0 2074 338.0 2075 337.0 2076 336.1 2077 335.1 ** date 2077.6: e-folding life (54.6 years) and level (335.06 ppmv) reached ** 2078 334.2 2079 333.3 2080 332.4 2081 331.6 2082 330.7